NORTH CAROLINA ESSENTIAL STANDARDS

Physics

NCES.Phy.1.1 - Analyze the motion of objects.
- NCES.Phy.1.1.1 - Analyze motion graphically and numerically using vectors, graphs and calculations.
- NCES.Phy.1.1.2 - Analyze motion in one dimension using time, distance, displacement, velocity, and acceleration.
- NCES.Phy.1.1.3 - Analyze motion in two dimensions using angle of trajectory, time, distance, displacement, velocity, and acceleration.

NCES.Phy.1.2 - Analyze systems of forces and their interaction with matter.
- NCES.Phy.1.2.1 - Analyze forces and systems of forces graphically and numerically using vectors, graphs and calculations.
- NCES.Phy.1.2.2 - Analyze systems of forces in one dimension and two dimensions using free body diagrams.
- NCES.Phy.1.2.3 - Explain forces using Newton's laws of motion as well as the universal law of gravitation.
- NCES.Phy.1.2.4 - Explain the effects of forces (including weight, normal, tension and friction) on objects.
- NCES.Phy.1.2.5 - Analyze basic forces related to rotation in a circular path (centripetal force).

NCES.Phy.1.3 - Analyze the motion of objects based on the principles of conservation of momentum, conservation of energy and impulse.
- NCES.Phy.1.3.1 - Analyze the motion of objects involved in completely elastic and completely inelastic collisions by using the principles of conservation of momentum and conservation of energy.
- NCES.Phy.1.3.2 - Analyze the motion of objects based on the relationship between momentum and impulse.

NCES.Phy.2.1 - Understand the concepts of work, energy, and power, as well as the relationship among them.
- NCES.Phy.2.1.1 - Interpret data on work and energy presented graphically and numerically.
- NCES.Phy.2.1.2 - Compare the concepts of potential and kinetic energy and conservation of total mechanical energy in the description of the motion of objects.
- NCES.Phy.2.1.3 - Explain the relationship among work, power and energy.

NCES.Phy.2.2 - Analyze the behavior of waves.
- NCES.Phy.2.2.1 - Analyze how energy is transmitted through waves, using the fundamental characteristics of waves: wavelength, period, frequency, amplitude, and wave velocity.
- NCES.Phy.2.2.2 - Analyze wave behaviors in terms of transmission, reflection, refraction and interference.
- NCES.Phy.2.2.3 - Compare mechanical and electromagnetic waves in terms of wave characteristics and behavior (specifically sound and light).

NCES.Phy.2.3 - Analyze the nature of moving charges and electric circuits.
- NCES.Phy.2.3.1 - Explain Ohm's law in relation to electric circuits.
- NCES.Phy.2.3.2 - Differentiate the behavior of moving charges in conductors and insulators.
- NCES.Phy.2.3.3 - Compare the general characteristics of AC and DC systems without calculations.
- NCES.Phy.2.3.4 - Analyze electric systems in terms of their energy and power.
- NCES.Phy.2.3.5 - Analyze systems with multiple potential differences and resistors connected in series and parallel circuits, both conceptually and mathematically, in terms of voltage, current and resistance.

NCES.Phy.3.1 - Explain charges and electrostatic systems.
- NCES.Phy.3.1.1 - Explain qualitatively the fundamental properties of the interactions of charged objects.
- NCES.Phy.3.1.2 - Explain the geometries and magnitudes of electric fields.
- NCES.Phy.3.1.3 - Explain how Coulomb's law relates to the electrostatic interactions among charged objects.
- NCES.Phy.3.1.4 - Explain the mechanisms for producing electrostatic charges, including charging by friction, conduction, and induction.
- NCES.Phy.3.1.5 - Explain how differences in electrostatic potentials relate to the potential energy of charged objects.

NCES.Phy.3.2 - Explain the concept of magnetism.
- NCES.Phy.3.2.1 - Explain the relationship between magnetic domains and magnetism.
- NCES.Phy.3.2.2 - Explain how electric currents produce various magnetic fields.
- NCES.Phy.3.2.3 - Explain how transformers and power distributions are applications of electromagnetism.